Terroir
Taman is the sunniest place in the Krasnodar Territory!
There are up to 285 sunny days a year here, which has a positive effect on the quality of local grapes, ensuring its technical and technological maturity, which in turn makes it possible to produce high quality wines.
Today, the overwhelming part of the fertile lands of the Taman Peninsula is occupied by vineyards: in a unique natural and climatic zone located between two seas, almost half of all Russian grapes are grown.
With regard to water resources that maintain air humidity, Taman is more than a secured area of the region: in the west lies the Black Sea, in the north - the Azov and countless estuaries, feeding from the Kuban River, as well as receiving water from two seas. The "water mirror" of this natural area has a total area of about 390 square kilometers. Kiziltashsky, Akhtanizovsky, Kurchansky, Vostochny and Vityazevsky estuaries additionally encircle the entire wine-growing part of the peninsula.
Summer in the Taman zone is not as hot as in the more eastern regions of the region. The average annual temperature is in the range of 11-12 degrees and is almost ideal for growing grapes. A large number of water bodies determine the nature of the local autumn - long and warm enough, which allows you to keep grapes on the vine for a long time, achieving almost perfect maturity. Another invaluable advantage of a large number of water "buffers" is the almost complete absence of excessively harsh winters. Over the past 35 years in the area of Temryuk, winter temperatures have never dropped below -20 degrees for a long time. As a result, the vine, even in the most difficult years, successfully overwinters. Therefore, the vineyards of the Taman zone are, on average, somewhat older than in the whole region, which also contributes to the improvement of the quality of the grapes.
In addition to the climate, the structure of the soils of this region is of decisive importance. It greatly influences the behavior of the grape bush. Climate can be a determining factor when choosing where to plant grapes and choosing a variety. However, the terroir is considered to be the main factor in determining the quality of a wine.
Taman is a moderately hilly area, located at a slight elevation above sea level, with a moderate continental climate. The combination of all factors makes the region a universal viticultural zone, in which it is possible to grow a wide range of both white and red grapes. Local wines have their own distinct style, which can be called characteristic.
On the fertile soils of Taman, grapes were grown and wine was made 5 thousand years ago. And today winegrowers and winemakers, who have revived the long traditions of these lands, use all the advantages of a unique terroir to create high-quality, original, unique wines.
The zones of the ZNMP "South Coast of Taman" and "Anapa" are geographical objects within which it is possible to produce wine with a protected designation of origin.
The territory of ZNMP "Anapa" is located in the northern part of the Anapa region. From the south it borders on the Black Sea and Vityazevo Estuary. The presence of a sloping southern relief creates favorable conditions for the cultivation of grapes, especially red varieties. According to natural and agricultural zoning, land plots are included in the steppe and forest-steppe zone, the Ciscaucasian forest-steppe province. Under the influence of an arid and mild climate, and a rather poor feather-grass-forb vegetation cover, southern chernozems, mainly medium loamy and light loamy, were formed in the areas. Physical properties, water properties and air conditions are in an ideal proportion for viticulture. Due to its location in the Anapa zone, the territory is influenced by a relatively dry climate, but softened by the influence of the Black Sea. This climate is ideal for the production of still wines. The sum of positive temperatures during the growing season exceeds 3500 degrees, which makes it possible to grow almost all varieties according to the types of maturation. The frost-free period lasts more than 217 days. The age of the vines on the territory of the Anapa ZNMP ranges from 1 to 30 years. They are represented mainly by young plantations under the age of 4 years. The area is ideal for growing red grape varieties: Merlot, Sangiovese, Syrah, Pomegranate, Tsimlyansky black, Cabernet Sauvignon, Krasnostop Anapsky, Krasnostop Zolotovsky, Ancelotta Tamanskaya Chardonnay, White Sauvignon, Traminer, White and Black Pinot, Gruner Veltliner, Riesling Rein , Saperavi, Zweigelt.
The territory of the ZNMP "South Coast of Taman" is located in the southwestern part of the Taman Peninsula. From the south and south-west it borders on the Black Sea, from the east and south-east - with the estuaries of Kiziltash and Tsokur, from the north - with the waters of the Taman Bay of the Black Sea, directly adjacent to the Kerch Strait and the Sea of Azov. Conditionally divided by a ridge of hills and volcanic mud hills into southern and northern sub-zones. The hilly nature of the terrain with low steepness of slopes up to 1 - 3 degrees dictates extremely favorable conditions for the culture of grapes: protection from spring frosts and good warming up during the growth and ripening of berries, ease of cultivation. Southern chernozems are carbonate and weakly alkaline, powerful and super-powerful, low-humus. It is characterized by a heavy and medium loamy granulometric composition, which determines the high moisture content of soils. In the arid conditions of the Taman Peninsula, this is a significant factor that has a positive effect on the harvest. The territory is distinguished by an extremely high level of useful solar radiation. The duration of clear sunny days per year exceeds 2300 hours. The sum of positive temperatures during the growing season exceeds 3500 degrees, which makes it possible to grow all varieties by types of ripeness. All of these factors are completely unique. Extremely favorable soil and climatic conditions, enhanced by the proximity of the seas and large estuaries, make it possible to grow grapes of all ampelographic varieties for all areas of winemaking. The age of the vines on the territory of the NMP is from 1 to 30 years. Varietal composition: Chardonnay, White Sauvignon, Traminer, White and Black Pinot, Gruner Tamansky, Rhine Riesling, Aligote, Bianca, Citron Magaracha, Firstborn of Magaracha, Rkatsiteli, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Saperavi, Krasnostop, Zweigelt, floral, Muscat - white velvet.